by Teknita Team | Feb 15, 2023 | Uncategorized
CodeIgniter is a popular open-source PHP web application framework that is designed to help developers build web applications quickly and easily. The framework is lightweight, fast, and easy to use, making it a popular choice for building small to medium-sized web applications.
CodeIgniter follows the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architectural pattern, which provides a clear separation of concerns and makes it easy to manage and maintain web applications. The framework also comes with several built-in libraries, such as a database abstraction layer, form validation, session management, email sending, and more, which help developers to add advanced functionality to their web applications.
CodeIgniter has a large and active community of developers, which means that there are many resources available online to help developers troubleshoot problems and learn new skills. However, since it is an open-source framework, there is no official support for it.
CodeIgniter offers several built-in libraries to help developers build robust web applications quickly and easily. Some of the key libraries that CodeIgniter offers include:
- Database Library – A powerful database abstraction layer that supports a variety of database systems such as MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle.
- Form Validation Library – Allows developers to easily validate user input and prevent malicious code from being submitted to the application.
- Session Library – Provides a secure and easy-to-use interface for managing user sessions in web applications.
- Email Library – Simplifies the process of sending emails from within a web application.
- Encryption Library – Provides various encryption and decryption methods for securing sensitive data.
- File Uploading Library – Helps to handle file uploads from users in a secure and easy-to-use way.
- Pagination Library – Simplifies the process of creating pagination links for large data sets.
- Unit Testing Library – Provides a set of tools for creating and running automated tests on the application code.
- Image Manipulation Library – Enables developers to resize, crop, and manipulate images within their web application.
These libraries, along with many others, make CodeIgniter a popular and efficient choice for developing PHP web applications.
Pros and Cons of Using CodeIgniter
One of the key advantages of CodeIgniter is its lightweight nature. It has a small footprint and is easy to install and use. It also performs very well, making it a good choice for building high-performance web applications. Additionally, CodeIgniter has a large and active community of developers, which means that there are many resources available online to help developers troubleshoot problems and learn new skills.
However, CodeIgniter also has its limitations. It has a limited set of built-in functionality compared to some other modern PHP frameworks, and may not be the best choice for large-scale projects that require more advanced features. Additionally, CodeIgniter is an open-source framework, which means that there is no official support for it. However, the large community of developers can often provide support through forums and online resources.
Overall, CodeIgniter is a great choice for developers who want a lightweight and easy-to-use PHP framework for building small to medium-sized web applications. It provides a simple and intuitive interface, comes with a set of useful built-in libraries, and has a large and active community of developers, but may not be the best choice for large-scale projects or those that require more advanced functionality.
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by Teknita Team | Feb 10, 2023 | Uncategorized
Blockchain is a digital ledger technology that uses cryptography to secure and validate transactions. It is essentially a decentralized database that operates on a distributed network of computers, allowing participants to transact with each other directly, without the need for intermediaries.
In blockchain, blocks are used to store transactions in a permanent and unalterable way, with each block containing a unique digital signature and a link to the previous block. This creates a chain of blocks, hence the name blockchain. The decentralized and distributed nature of the technology ensures that the information stored on the blockchain is secure and tamper-proof, as no single user or organization can control or manipulate the data.
Blockchain is best known as the underlying technology behind cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, but it has many other potential applications, including supply chain management, voting systems, and digital identity management. The technology is still relatively new, and its full potential is yet to be realized.
How Blockchain Works ?
Blockchain works by using a decentralized network of computers to validate transactions and maintain a continuously growing list of records, called blocks, which are linked and secured using cryptography.
Here’s a more detailed explanation of how it works:
- Transactions: A transaction is initiated when a user wants to transfer an asset, such as money or digital currency, to another user. This transaction is broadcast to the network, where it is verified and processed.
- Verification: Verification of the transaction is done by a network of nodes, which are computers running the blockchain software. The nodes validate the transaction by checking that the sender has sufficient funds to complete the transfer and that the transaction follows the rules set by the blockchain network.
- Blocks: Once a transaction has been verified, it is grouped with other transactions to form a block. Each block contains a unique digital signature, called a “hash,” which links it to the previous block in the chain.
- Distributed Ledger: The blocks are then distributed to all nodes on the network, creating a shared ledger that is continually updated and synchronized across the network. This ensures that the same information is held by all participants, making the blockchain a decentralized and transparent system.
- Consensus Mechanism: The consensus mechanism is a key component of blockchain technology and ensures that the network operates efficiently and securely. The mechanism is used to agree on the validity of transactions and the state of the blockchain. Different blockchain networks use different consensus mechanisms, such as Proof-of-Work (PoW) or Proof-of-Stake (PoS).
- Tamper-Proof: The cryptographic nature of the blockchain makes it extremely difficult to tamper with or alter the information stored in the blocks. This makes the technology ideal for storing sensitive or important information, as it provides a secure and tamper-proof record of transactions.
In summary, blockchain is a decentralized, secure, and transparent technology that enables the transfer of assets and information between parties without the need for intermediaries.
Types of Blockchain Technology
There are several types of blockchain technology, each with its own unique features and use cases:
- Public Blockchains: Public blockchains are open to anyone who wants to participate and are typically used for cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin. Public blockchains use a consensus mechanism to validate transactions and maintain the integrity of the network.
- Private Blockchains: Private blockchains are closed networks, typically owned and operated by a single organization or consortium. They are used for applications where privacy and control are important, such as supply chain management or financial transactions.
- Consortium Blockchains: Consortium blockchains are a hybrid of public and private blockchains, where a group of organizations jointly operates the network. They provide the benefits of decentralization and transparency of public blockchains, while retaining the privacy and control of private blockchains.
- Hybrid Blockchains: Hybrid blockchains are networks that combine features of public and private blockchains, depending on the use case. For example, a hybrid blockchain could be publicly readable but only writable by a select group of participants.
- Sidechains: Sidechains are independent blockchains that are linked to a main blockchain. They allow for the transfer of assets and information between different blockchain networks, enabling interoperability and increasing the versatility of the technology.
Blockchain is changing the game in many industries by providing new solutions for problems that were previously difficult or impossible to solve. Blockchain technology is rapidly evolving – due to its reliability, low maintenance costs, and decentralization, it is replacing traditional methods of authorization and data security and is being used in many diverse sectors of the economy.
Currently, many organizations and governments are investing significant financial resources in conducting research on the possibilities of using blockchain networks in further industries. It is worth noting that at the World Economic Forum, it was recognized that this technology is a key factor that drives the “sustainable digital finance.”
The technology is still in its early stages, but it has already shown great potential for transforming the way we live and work. The future of blockchain looks bright, and it will be exciting to see how it continues to disrupt and transform various industries in the years to come.
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by Teknita Team | Feb 7, 2023 | Uncategorized
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a protocol for transmitting data over the internet. It is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web and is used for the transfer of data from a web server to a web browser in order to display websites. HTTP is based on a request-response model, where a client makes a request to a server and the server returns a response to the client.
It works as follows:
- A client (e.g. a web browser) sends an HTTP request to a server (e.g. a web server) specifying the desired resource.
- The server processes the request and returns an HTTP response, which includes the requested resource or an error message.
- The client receives the response and renders the resource, such as a web page or image, for the user to view.
The request and response each have specific components, including a method (e.g. GET, POST), a header (which includes information such as the type of content being requested), and a body (which contains the actual data being transmitted).
These methods are used to indicate the desired action to be performed on a resource:
- GET: The GET method is used to retrieve a resource from the server. This is the most common HTTP method and is used to request data from a server.
- POST: The POST method is used to submit data to the server for processing. This method is often used to submit form data or upload a file.
- PUT: The PUT method is used to update an existing resource on the server.
- DELETE: The DELETE method is used to delete a resource from the server.
- HEAD: The HEAD method is similar to GET, but only the headers of the response are returned, without the actual resource.
- PATCH: The PATCH method is used to make partial updates to a resource.
- OPTIONS: The OPTIONS method is used to retrieve information about the communication options available for a resource.
These methods are often used in RESTful APIs to perform operations on resources.
HTTP is a stateless protocol, which means that each request and response are independent and do not maintain any information about previous requests and responses. To maintain state or track user sessions, other technologies, such as cookies or session IDs, are often used in conjunction with HTTP.
Differences Between HTTP and HTTPS
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is a variant of the HTTP protocol that is used for secure communication over the internet. It uses SSL/TLS encryption to protect the privacy and security of data exchanged between a client (e.g. web browser) and a server (e.g. website). When a user connects to a website via HTTPS, the website’s SSL/TLS certificate is verified and a secure, encrypted connection is established. This protects sensitive information, such as login credentials and payment information, from being intercepted and compromised by third parties.
HTTP and HTTPS are similar in that they are both used for transmitting data over the internet, but they differ in the level of security they provide:
- Security: HTTPS uses SSL/TLS encryption to secure the data transmitted between a client and a server, HTTP does not.
- Authentication: With HTTPS, the website’s SSL/TLS certificate is verified to ensure that the user is connecting to the correct website. HTTP does not provide any form of authentication.
- Privacy: HTTPS protects the privacy of the data transmitted between a client and a server, HTTP does not.
- URL: HTTPS uses the URL prefix “https://” while HTTP uses “http://”.
In summary, HTTPS is preferred over HTTP when transmitting sensitive information or when security and privacy are a concern.
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by Teknita Team | Feb 2, 2023 | Uncategorized
GitHub Copilot is a new AI-powered feature from GitHub that aims to help developers write code faster and with fewer errors. It uses advanced machine learning algorithms to provide real-time code suggestions and recommendations as users type, taking into account the context of the code and the developer’s preferences and workstyle. GitHub Copilot also integrates with other GitHub tools, such as pull requests and issues, to provide a seamless experience for developers. The goal of GitHub Copilot is to make software development more productive and efficient, by providing developers with the information and support they need to write high-quality code quickly and easily.
GitHub Copilot works by analyzing code as it is being written and using advanced machine learning algorithms to provide real-time suggestions and recommendations. It takes into account the context of the code and the developer’s preferences and workstyle to provide personalized and relevant suggestions.
Here’s how it works:
- As you write code in a GitHub repository, GitHub Copilot analyzes the code and provides suggestions in real-time.
- GitHub Copilot considers the context of the code, such as the programming language, the libraries being used, and the code structure, to provide relevant suggestions.
- The suggestions are presented in a pop-up window or as inline suggestions, allowing developers to quickly make selections and continue coding.
- GitHub Copilot also integrates with other GitHub tools, such as pull requests and issues, to provide a seamless experience for developers. For example, it can suggest relevant pull requests or issues as you work.
- The more you use GitHub Copilot, the more it learns about your preferences and workstyle, and the more personalized its suggestions become.
GitHub Copilot is designed to help developers write code faster and with fewer errors, by providing relevant and personalized suggestions at the right time. This helps to increase productivity and efficiency, and makes software development a smoother and more enjoyable experience. By using GitHub Copilot, developers can enjoy increased productivity, better code quality, and a more personalized experience, while also benefiting from the integration with other GitHub tools. This can help make software development a smoother and more enjoyable experience.
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by Teknita Team | Jan 31, 2023 | Uncategorized
A programming language is a formal language that specifies a set of instructions that can be used to produce various types of output. It is used to create computer programs that control the behavior of a machine, perform specific tasks, and process data. Programming languages can be used to create software, websites, mobile apps, and other applications.
There are many different types of programming languages, each with its own syntax and purpose, such as:
- Object-Oriented languages (e.g. Java, Python, C#)
- Procedural languages (e.g. C, Pascal)
- Scripting languages (e.g. JavaScript, Python, Perl)
- Functional languages (e.g. Haskell, Lisp)
- Low-level languages (e.g. Assembly, C)
Programming languages are designed to be used by both human programmers and computers, and can be used to create a wide range of applications, from simple scripts to complex software systems.
According the results of the international Stack Overflow 2021 study, in which tens of thousands of programmers from around the world took part, Java Script is the most popular programming language on a global scale.
JavaScript is a high-level, interpreted programming language that is primarily used for creating interactive effects within web browsers. It is a scripting language that runs on the client-side (in the browser) and enables dynamic behavior, such as interactive forms, animation, and updating content without requiring a page reload. JavaScript can also be run on the server-side using Node.js, making it a versatile language for both front-end and back-end web development.
JavaScript is the most popular due to several reasons:
- It’s flexible and can be used for web development, server-side development, and even for desktop applications.
- The widespread use of the web and the need for dynamic, interactive content has made JavaScript an essential tool for front-end web development.
- It has a large community of developers and a wealth of libraries and frameworks available, making it easier to use and allowing for quicker development.
- The language is easy to learn and relatively simple compared to other programming languages, making it accessible to a wider range of developers.
- JavaScript has good browser compatibility, meaning it runs consistently on most browsers, making it easier to create cross-platform applications.
Another language which lately gains huge popularity is Python. Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language that is used for a wide range of tasks including web development, scientific computing, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and more. It is known for its readability, easy-to-learn syntax, and support for multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming. Python also has a large number of libraries and frameworks available, which makes it a popular choice for developers. It is used by companies such as Google, NASA, and IBM, among others.
JavaScript and Python are both widely used, high-level programming languages, but have some key differences:
- Purpose: JavaScript is primarily used for web development, whereas Python is used for a wider range of tasks including web development, scientific computing, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and more.
- Syntax: JavaScript syntax is based on C and Java, whereas Python has a more straightforward and readable syntax.
- Dynamically typed: JavaScript is a dynamically typed language, meaning you don’t need to declare the type of a variable, while Python is a dynamically typed language but with optional type hints.
- Performance: JavaScript is executed directly by the browser or Node.js runtime, which provides fast performance, while Python is an interpreted language and may run slower for certain tasks.
- Libraries and frameworks: Both languages have a large number of libraries and frameworks available, but Python has more libraries for scientific computing, machine learning, and data analysis. JavaScript has more libraries for web development, such as React, Angular, and Vue.
Ultimately, the choice between JavaScript and Python depends on the specific use case and personal preferences of the developer.
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by Teknita Team | Jan 23, 2023 | Uncategorized
Big Query is a advanced and multi-cloud data warehouse designed by Google, created with the aim of business flexibility.
What do you need to know about Big Query?
Big Query is a scalable data warehouse (cloud data warehouse) designed by Google, a global giant known by almost every internet user. What are the areas of application for this solution? It must be admitted that Big Query offers many possibilities.
Big Query allows for handling millions of queries and conducting advanced analysis of significant amounts of data in SQL language. Knowledge of this language is quite important here. At the same time, entities that use this solution do not have to worry about high costs associated with maintaining advanced technological infrastructure or scaling or balancing traffic. Google offers all new customers $300 of free funds that can be spent on Big Query. Additionally, all customers receive completely free 10 GB of storage space and even 1 TB of queries per month.
Data can be quickly uploaded or downloaded from Big Query and then analyzed in detail. We only pay for the data that we analyze, and only after exceeding the aforementioned 1 TB limit. To use Big Query, we do not have to invest in expensive equipment and tools and technologies, while the configuration is exceptionally simple.
What are the main advantages of Big Query data warehouse?
Big Query is one of the most popular data warehouses. This is mainly due to the fact that it offers a wide range of features, which are appreciated by thousands of data processing and analysis entities worldwide.
The most important advantages of the Big Query data warehouse are as follows:
- No need to invest in your own server – all data is stored in cloud technology.
- Data analysis using Big Query is fast and efficient. Big Query data warehouse stands out for its ability to analyze large amounts of data significantly faster than traditional databases. One petabyte is processed in about 3 minutes, and one terabyte in just a few seconds. This fast operation time ensures that, regardless of how much data we have to analyze, we will get results at a rapid pace. Data analysis is performed in real-time, and all changes can be observed in real-time.
- Full control over costs. In Big Query, we only pay when the number of analyzed data exceeds 1 TB per month. This billing model gives us full control over the expenses. If we do not use the tool at all or do not exceed the specified limit, we will not pay a penny.
- BigQuery offers a machine learning feature. Big Query ML feature enables creation and development of machine learning capabilities using classic SQL queries. This tool allows you to check trends, which helps to design a long-term strategy for the company in specific areas.
- The Big Query data warehouse can be invaluable in any industry. The need for fast and efficient information analysis is visible in many industries – finance, industry, marketing, logistics, etc. Therefore, any company that wants to gain significant competitive advantages should consider using it.
Why choose Big Query data warehouse?
Year after year, more and more entities analyzing significant amounts of data are choosing Google Big Query. This is because with this solution, we do not have to invest in modern equipment, manage infrastructure, perform configuration or software updates. Google engineers are responsible for ensuring proper tool operation. We can then focus on proper analysis and data collection.
To be able to use the possibilities offered by Big Query, we do not have to make major changes or rewrite the source code. This is because Big Query supports the ANSI SQL:2011 standard and also offers ODBC and JDBC programming interfaces for free.
In Big Query, we also do not have to worry about creating backups – the program performs backups on its own, which are later stored for 7 days. During this time, we can familiarize ourselves with the entire history of changes and, if necessary, restore one of the previous versions.
Big Query also has a very high level of security – the tool is known for its reliable security, management, and reliability mechanisms. All data stored in the program is encrypted by default. Google states on its website that it guarantees 99.99% uptime.
Limitations of Big Query data warehouse
Big Query data warehouse has certain limitations and limits in terms of information processing. The most important of these are as follows:
- Maximum number of exported bytes per day. The limit is 50 terabytes per day.
- Maximum number of exports per day. The limit is 100,000 exports per day.
- Number of daily queries. There are no limits on the number of bytes that can be processed in queries within a given project.
- Number of daily queries per user. There are no limits on the number of bytes that users can process in queries per day.
- Number of bytes of processed query data per hour. The limit is 1 terabyte per hour.
- Maximum size of a single table. The limit is 10 terabytes.
- Maximum size of a single partition. The limit is 4 terabytes.
- Maximum number of columns in a table. The limit is 10,000 columns.
- Maximum number of rows in a table. The limit is 1 trillion rows.
- Maximum number of partitions in a table. The limit is 10,000 partitions.
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