What it is and Why You Should Use Java Virtual Machine

What it is and Why You Should Use Java Virtual Machine


The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is an abstract computing machine that enables a computer to run Java programs. It is a virtual machine that provides a runtime environment for executing Java bytecode, which is a program compiled from Java source code. The JVM acts as a “layer” between the Java code and the underlying hardware and operating system, allowing Java programs to be run on any platform that has a JVM implementation. This makes Java a “platform-independent” programming language.

To use the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), you first need to have the Java Development Kit (JDK) installed on your computer. The JDK includes the JVM, as well as other tools necessary for developing and running Java programs.

Once you have the JDK installed, you can use the JVM by doing the following:

  1. Write your Java code using a text editor or an Integrated Development Environment (IDE) such as Eclipse or IntelliJ IDEA.
  2. Compile your Java code using the Java compiler (javac) that comes with the JDK. This will convert your source code into bytecode, which can be executed by the JVM.
  3. Run your bytecode using the Java interpreter (java) that comes with the JDK. This will start the JVM and execute your bytecode on the machine.

It’s important to note that the JVM is not just for running Java code, it is also used for running other JVM-based languages like Kotlin, Scala, and Groovy.

You should use the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) when you want to run Java or other JVM-based programming languages, such as Kotlin, Scala, or Groovy, on your computer. JVM provides a runtime environment for executing Java bytecode, which is a program compiled from Java source code.

Here are some specific scenarios where you might use the JVM:

  • When you want to write cross-platform software that can run on any operating system, such as Windows, macOS, or Linux, that has a JVM implementation.
  • When you want to write server-side applications, such as web servers or backend services, that need to handle multiple concurrent connections and perform complex computations.
  • When you want to use the vast ecosystem of Java libraries and frameworks, such as Spring, Hibernate, or Apache Tomcat, that are available for various application domains.
  • When you want to write code that can leverage the security, performance, and scalability features provided by the JVM, such as automatic memory management, built-in support for multithreading, and JIT compilation.
  • When you want to use JVM based languages, such as Kotlin, Scala, or Groovy, that are built on top of JVM but offer features like functional programming, concise syntax, and improved type inference.

In summary, JVM is a powerful and versatile platform that allows you to develop and run a wide variety of software applications, from small scripts to enterprise-grade systems, on any platform that supports the JVM.


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How to Speed Up Email Search

How to Speed Up Email Search


Valuable information is buried in emails – from your clients, sensitive projects and legal matters. It is increasingly difficult to find, organize and see the full set of relevant information lawyers and other knowledge workers need to respond quickly and stay on top of their projects and cases. An ever-growing volume of email often leads to “content chaos” – burdened email servers, increased compliance risk, such as organization’s retention policies, and the inability of employees to locate relevant content in those emails when searching for specific information.  

Finding information in email drains productivity  

Knowledge workers are spending more and more time each day on administrative tasks related to email organization and management; in fact, it’s estimated that 28% of their time is spent reading and sending emails. Simply stated, finding information in email drains employee productivity. Even with automated filters, email filing administration is time-consuming and overwhelming, because emails never stop pouring in and each message is accompanied by the expectation of a timely response.  

OpenTextTM Email Filing, eDOCS Edition makes knowledge workers more productive with these time-savers: 

Quick filing: Easily save emails to specific client folders via a button on your Microsoft Outlook ribbon or with a right mouse click – using predictive filing suggestions. Save time as suggestions are displayed based on the most recently accessed profiles and email threads. 

Bulk filing: Quickly file large volumes of email without slowing productivity. With Bulk Filing, users can automate the email filing process by assigning profiling data to specific Outlook folders. All emails that are moved into the Outlook folders are automatically filed into eDOCS with the assigned profile data of the folder. Email can also be filed on mobile devices by dragging and dropping them into monitored folders. 

Marking: See in Outlook when your email has been automatically stored to eDOCS document management system (DM). With Email Marker, users can color-code their emails according to filing status and profile data via their Outlook categories field. Save time by keeping track of filing status at-a-glance with this visual cue and never miss filing (or duplicate filing) again. 

Email Filing Assistant: Analyze message history and inbound email addresses to suggest automatically the best place to store those emails in the eDOCS library. 


You can read more about OpenTextTM Email Filing, eDOCS Edition here.

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Predictions and Trends for Public Sector in 2023

Predictions and Trends for Public Sector in 2023


This year, governments will focus on implementing technology that can help them improve citizen experience, be socially responsible, become more agile, increase cyber resilience, detect and prevent fraud and streamline supply chains using IoT.

Here’s an overview of the trends I predict will most impact the public sector in 2023.

Total Experience takes center stage

In the year ahead, government organizations will continue to invest in citizen experience technology platforms. The most successful organizations will deploy total experience. “Total experience (TX) is an approach that combines the disciplines of UX, CX (inclusive of all government customers, residents, visitors, businesses and others), EX, and MX for a more holistic service design and delivery,” says Gartner®[i]. “It represents a logical evolution in maturity away from CX or EX management in isolation toward creating shared and better experiences for people, regardless of what role they play inside or outside the organization.”

Strong preference for socially responsible vendors

In 2023, governments will look for socially responsible vendors who can help them manage interactions with Indigenous Peoples. Governments will need to partner with technology providers that demonstrate strong environmental, social and governance (ESG) commitments to help them manage their repatriation initiatives in a socially responsible way.

Accelerating the migration of data to the cloud – securely

Cloud become a key enabler for digital transformation in government, with plan to migrate some workloads to the cloud. This trend will accelerate in 2023, particularly as security-related programs such as FedRAMP in the U.S. transform the way government data is stored in the cloud. In 2023, we’ll see governments looking to FedRAMP-authorized digital solutions that enable them to securely connect and manage content, automate processes, increase information governance and create engaging digital experiences.

New approaches to pursuing zero trust

The strategy of zero trust has become increasingly popular in government. This trend has only accelerated during the pandemic, as governments were faced with an increase in fraud and sophisticated cyber attacks like SolarWinds. In 2023, the rise in cyber attacks on government will force agencies to continue to evolve their approach to security. More public sector organizations will adopt the zero-trust model, while many others will outsource key elements of their security with a Managed Extended Detection and Response (MxDR) approach.

Learning from COVID-19 aid scammers

The Washington Post recently reported that $45.6 billion was illegally claimed from the U.S. unemployment insurance program during the pandemic by scammers using Social Security numbers of deceased people. Governments admirably rushed to get COVID-19 relief to individuals who needed it, but this also resulted in unprecedented levels of fraud as scammers sought to take advantage of government expediency. In 2023, governments will need to develop lessons learned, modernize legacy applications and deploy technology to flag risky transactions and reduce fraudulent activity.

IoT deployments find new uses

In 2023, new IoT applications will come to the forefront for government. For example, sensors can detect when the weight on a pallet slips below a designated level, triggering an inventory re-order. Defense and intelligence agencies will need to accelerate and expand their IoT deployments to more efficiently operate ethical supply chains, warehousing and environmentally friendly fuel and equipment management.


You can read more about Public Sector Development here.

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Test Driven Development (TDD) – automation in software development

Test Driven Development (TDD) – automation in software development


Test Driven Development (TDD) refers to a style of programming in which three activities are tightly interwoven: coding, testing (in the form of writing unit tests) and design (in the form of refactoring). Test cases are developed to specify and validate what the code will do. In simple terms, test cases for each functionality are created and tested first and if the test fails then the new code is written in order to pass the test and making code simple and bug-free.

Test-Driven Development starts with designing and developing tests for every small functionality of an application. TDD framework instructs developers to write new code only if an automated test has failed. This avoids duplication of code. The TDD full form is Test-driven development.

The simple concept of TDD is to write and correct the failed tests before writing new code (before development). This helps to avoid duplication of code as we write a small amount of code at a time in order to pass tests. (Tests are nothing but requirement conditions that we need to test to fulfill them).

Test-Driven development is a process of developing and running automated test before actual development of the application. Hence, TDD sometimes also called as Test First Development.

Following steps define how to perform TDD test,

  1. Add a test.
  2. Run all tests and see if any new test fails.
  3. Write some code.
  4. Run tests and Refactor code.
  5. Repeat.

The greatest benefit of Test Driven Development is the detection of errors at the early stage of software development. The developer can fix the invalid code immediately by himself. Reducing the time between the introduction of a bug and its detection means fewer people involved in fixing bugs and cheaper and faster process. To sum up, TDD reduces the cost of creating new software which appears much faster, and the code quality is higher than with classic programming methods.

On the minus side of TDD, there is the difficulty in determining the length of cycles and the number of necessary tests. It’s also hard to keep a balance between writing the code and creating further detailed tests. A large number of small and simple tests is not bad in general, but if performed improperly, it may cause slowing down the execution of the entire task.


You can read more about TDD here.

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What is XQuery

What is XQuery


XML Query, XQuery for short, is a new query language currently under development by the W3C. It is designed to query XML documents using a SQL-like syntax. XQuery’s capabilities go far beyond SQL however, because XML (and thus XQuery) isn’t bound to the rigid structure of tables and relations. XML can represent a large number of data models. Furthermore an XQuery query can return data from multiple documents in different locations. XSLT has similar capabilities, but many IT people will find XQuery much easier to understand, particularly database administrators familiar with SQL.

You can use XQuery to extract an XML document from a physical or virtual representation of XML data. An example of the latter is SQLXML (provided in Microsoft SQL Server 2000), which enables you to extract data from a SQL Server database formatted as XML using the HTTP protocol. Any system that exposes XML over HTTP is a potential source of data for XQuery. XQuery’s designers hope that XQuery can act as a unified query language for any data store, including XML files, XML databases, and non-XML data stores. With the proliferation of loosely coupled systems and data coming from half way across the globe, performance of multi-document queries is going to be an issue, particularly if you only need a small amount of data from a large document. Future versions of XQuery may alleviate this problem by distributing a query over the queried systems.

XQuery uses four main keywords to create query expressions: FOR, LET, WHERE, and RETURN. These keywords are commonly used in conjunction to query data and create a result. People familiar with XQuery who build an expression using these keywords refer to this as a FLWR-expression (or FLoWeR-expression). In technical terms, these expressions are element constructors – you use them to construct (sequences of) elements.

There are several applications providing the ability to query using XQuery. Microsoft has already hinted that the next release of SQL Server (codename Yukon) will provide support for XQuery as well, and both IBM and Oracle will likely offer some kind of XQuery support once XQuery attains W3C Recommendation status.


You can read more about XQuery here.

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Why is Git Important For a Developer’s Job

Why is Git Important For a Developer’s Job


Git is a version control tool that helps a developer to track what all changes that he/she has done in his code. Git’s user interface is fairly similar to these other VCSs, but Git stores and thinks about information in a very different way. Git thinks of its data more like a series of snapshots of a miniature filesystem. With Git, every time you commit, or save the state of your project, Git basically takes a picture of what all your files look like at that moment and stores a reference to that snapshot. GIT allows you to analyze all code changes with great accuracy. If necessary, you can also use a very important function that allows you to restore the selected version of the file. This is especially useful when developer made a mistake that caused the software to stop working properly.

Most operations in Git need only local files and resources to operate — generally no information is needed from another computer on your network. If you’re used to a CVCS where most operations have that network latency overhead, this aspect of Git will make you think that the gods of speed have blessed Git with unworldly powers. Because you have the entire history of the project right there on your local disk, most operations seem almost instantaneous.

Everything in Git is checksummed before it is stored and is then referred to by that checksum. This means it’s impossible to change the contents of any file or directory without Git knowing about it. This functionality is built into Git at the lowest levels and is integral to its philosophy. You can’t lose information in transit or get file corruption without Git being able to detect it.

When you do actions in Git, nearly all of them only add data to the Git database. It is hard to get the system to do anything that is not undoable or to make it erase data in any way. As with any VCS, you can lose or mess up changes you haven’t committed yet, but after you commit a snapshot into Git, it is very difficult to lose, especially if you regularly push your database to another repository. Thanks to the fact that previous versions of the code are saved, programmers do not have to worry about “breaking something” – they can experiment with the code and test different solutions.

The GIT software also has some very useful advantage – allow you to work in teams, what is very often in the IT industry. Thanks to GIT, every team member has access to exactly the same, up-to-date version, and the risk of errors is decreased to an absolute minimum.


You can read more about GIT here.

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